The New Mexico Constitution
We, the people of New Mexico, grateful to Almighty God for the blessings of liberty, in order to secure the advantages of a state government, do ordain and establish this constitution.
The name of this state is New Mexico, and its boundaries are as follows:
Beginning at the point where the thirty-seventh parallel of north latitude intersects the one hundred and third meridian west from Greenwich; thence along said one hundred and third meridian to the thirty-second parallel of north latitude; thence along said thirty-second parallel to the Rio Grande, also known as the Rio Bravo del Norte, as it existed on the ninth day of September, one thousand eight hundred and fifty; thence, following the main channel of said river, as it existed on the ninth day of September, one thousand eight hundred and fifty, to the parallel of thirty-one degrees forty-seven minutes north latitude; thence west one hundred miles to a point; thence south to the parallel of thirty-one degrees twenty minutes north latitude; thence along said parallel of thirty-one degrees twenty minutes, to the thirty-second meridian of longitude west from Washington; thence along said thirty-second meridian to the thirty- seventh parallel of north latitude; thence along said thirty-seventh parallel to the point of beginning.
Supreme law of the land.
Popular sovereignty.
Right of self-government.
Inherent rights.
Rights under Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo preserved.
Right to bear arms.
Habeas corpus.
Freedom of elections.
Military power subordinate; quartering of soldiers.
Searches and seizures.
Freedom of religion.
Trial by jury; less than unanimous verdicts in civil cases.
Bail; excessive fines; cruel and unusual punishment.
Indictment and information; grand juries; rights of accused.
Self-incrimination; double jeopardy.
Treason.
Freedom of speech and press; libel.
Due process; equal protection; sex discrimination.
Retroactive laws; bills of attainder; impairment of contracts.
Eminent domain.
Imprisonment for debt.
Alien landownership.
Reserved rights.
Victim's rights.
Vesting of legislative power; location of sessions; referendum on legislation.
Powers generally.
Number and qualifications of members; single-member districts; reapportionment.
Terms of office of members; time of election; filling of vacancies.
Time and length of sessions; items considered in even-numbered years.
Special session.
Judge of election and qualification of members; quorum.
Call to order; presiding officers.
Selection and compensation of officers and employees.
Compensation of members.
Rules of procedure; contempt or disorderly conduct; expulsion of members.
Public sessions; journals.
Privileges and immunities.
Adjournment.
Laws to be passed by bill; alteration of bill; enacting clause; printing and reading of bill.
Subject of bill in title; appropriation bills.
Passage of bills.
Amendment of statutes.
Introduction of bills.
Enrollment, engrossment and signing of bills.
Alteration or theft of bill.
Governor's approval or veto of bills.
Effective date of law; emergency acts.
Local or special laws.
Validating unauthorized official acts; fines against officers, etc.
Grant of franchise or privilege.
Extra or increased compensation for officers, contractors, etc.
Appointment of present and former legislators to office; interest of legislators in contracts.
Laws creating debts.
Payments from treasury to be upon appropriations and warrant.
Appropriations for charitable, educational, etc., purposes.
Remission of debts due state or municipalities.
Prosecutions under repealed laws.
Change of rights or procedure in pending cases.
Power and procedure for impeachment and trial.
Officers subject to impeachment.
Railroad passes.
Monopolies.
"Bribery" and "solicitation" defined.
Penalty for bribery.
Compelling testimony in bribery cases.
Hearings on confirmation of gubernatorial appointments.
Composition of department; terms of office of members; residing and maintaining records at seat of government.
Canvass of elections; tie votes
Qualifications of executive officers.
Governor's executive power; commander of militia.
Governor's appointive and removal power; interim appointees.
Governor's power to pardon and reprieve.
Succession to governorship.
Lieutenant governor to be president of senate.
Public accounts and reports.
State seal.
Commissions.
Compensation of executive officers.
Residence of public officers.
State transportation commission
Confirmation of cabinet secretaries.
Vacancy in the office of the lieutenant governor.
State ethics commission.
Judicial power vested.
Supreme court; appellate jurisdiction.
Supreme court; original jurisdiction; supervisory control; extraordinary writs.
Supreme court; selection of chief justice.
Supreme court; quorum; majority concurring in judgments.
Supreme court; absent or disqualified justice.
Supreme court; terms, sessions and recesses.
Supreme court; qualifications of justices.
Supreme court; officers.
Supreme court; additional justices.
Supreme court; salary of justices.
Judicial districts; district judges.
District court; jurisdiction and terms
District court; qualifications and residence requirement of judges.
District court; judges pro tempore.
District court; additional judges; redistricting.
District court; judges' compensation.
Disqualification of judges or magistrates.
Ineligibility of justices or judges for nonjudicial offices.
Style of writs and processes.
Judges as conservators of the peace; preliminary examinations in criminal cases.
County clerk as district and probate court clerk.
Probate court.
District attorneys.
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Magistrate court
Appeals from probate courts and other inferior courts.
Court of appeals; number, qualifications, compensation; quorum; majority concurring in judgment; power of chief justice to select acting justices.
Court of appeals; jurisdiction; issuance of writs.
Fees collected by judiciary paid to state treasury.
Justices of the peace abolished.
Judicial standards commission.
Retention or rejection at general election.
Vacancies in office; date for filing declaration of candidacy.
Appellate judges nominating commission.
District court judges nominating committee
Metropolitan court judges nominating committee.
Chief judge of district and metropolitan court districts.
Creation of public defender department and public defender commission.
Qualifications of voters; absentee voting; school elections; registration.
Qualifications for holding office.
Religious and racial equality protected; restrictions on amendments.
Residence.
Election by ballot; plurality elects candidate.
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Levy to be proportionate to value; uniform and equal taxes; percentage of value taxed; limitation on annual valuation increases.
Property tax limits; exception
Tax-exempt property.
Misuse and deposit of public money.
Head of family and veteran exemptions.
Assessment of lands.
Judgments against local officials.
Exemption of certain personalty in transit through the state.
Elected governing authority prerequisite to levy of tax.
Severance tax permanent fund.
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Property tax exemption for disabled veterans.
Property tax exemption for property of veterans' organization chartered by United States congress.
Debts of territory and its counties assumed.
Payment of county debts by another county.
State refunding bonds for assumed debts.
Sale of lands for certain bond payments.
Remission of county debts to state prohibited.
Militia warrants.
State indebtedness; purposes.
State indebtedness; restrictions.
Use of borrowed funds.
County indebtedness; restrictions.
School district indebtedness; restrictions.
Municipal indebtedness; restrictions.
County and municipal debt limit; exceptions.
Aid to private enterprise; veterans' scholarship programs; student loans; job opportunities; affordable housing.
State and local refunding bonds.
State highway bonds
Classification of counties; salaries and fees of county officers.
Terms of county officers.
Removal of county seats.
Combined city and county corporations.
Incorporated counties.
Municipal home rule.
Five-member boards of county commissioners.
New activity or service mandated by state rule or regulation.
Recall of elected county officials.
Urban counties.
Single urban governments.
Creation and composition of public regulation commission.
Responsibilities of public regulation commission.
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General corporation laws.
Corporations subject to police power.
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Eminent domain of corporate property.
Chartering corporations.
Creation of office of superintendent of insurance.
Free public schools.
Permanent school fund.
Control of constitutional educational institutions; use of state land proceeds and other educational funds.
Current school fund.
Compulsory school attendance.
Public education department; public education commission.
Investment of permanent school fund.
Teachers to learn English and Spanish.
Religious tests in schools.
Educational rights of children of Spanish descent.
State educational institutions.
Acceptance and use of Enabling Act educational grants.
Board of regents for educational institutions.
Recall of local school board members.
Local school boards having seven single-member districts.
Oath of officer.
Tenure of office.
Date terms of office begin.
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Interim appointments.
Date of general elections.
Canvass of returns for officers elected by more than one county.
First national election.
State officers limited to salaries.
Child labor.
Women as public officers.
Publication of laws in English and Spanish.
Sacramental wines.
Public officers barred from using railroad passes.
Penitentiary to be reformatory and industrial school; labor by inmates.
Railroad's liability to employees.
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Leasing of convict labor prohibited.
Eight-hour day in public employment.
Waiver of indictment; proceedings on information.
Pollution control.
Public employees and educational retirement systems trust funds; expenditures and encumbrances prohibited; administration; vesting of property rights.
In compliance with the requirements of the act of Congress entitled “An act to enable the people of New Mexico to form a constitution and State government and be admitted to the Union on an equal footing with the original States; and to enable the people of Arizona to form a constitution and State government and be admitted into the Union on a equal footing with the original States,” approved June twentieth, nineteen hundred and ten, it is hereby provided:
Religious toleration; polygamy.
Control of unappropriated or Indian lands; taxation of federal government, nonresident and Indian property.
Assumption of territorial debts.
Public schools.
Suffrage.
Capital.
Reclamation projects.
Allotted Indian lands subject to federal liquor control.
Consent to Enabling Act provisions.
Compact irrevocable.
Consent to exchange of lands.
That no inconvenience may arise by reason of the change from a Territorial to a State form of government, it is declared and ordained: