The Wisconsin Constitution

We, the people of Wisconsin, grateful to Almighty God for our freedom, in order to secure its blessings, form a more perfect government, insure domestic tranquility and promote the general welfare, do establish this constitution.

Section 1
Last Amended 1986

Equal Protection; Inherent Rights; Source of Governmental Power

Section 2

Slavery prohibited.

Section 3

Free speech; libel

Section 4

Right to assemble and petition

Section 5
Last Amended 1922

Trial by jury; verdict in civil cases

Section 6

Excessive bail; cruel punishments

Section 7

Rights of accused

Section 8
Last Amended 2023

Prosecutions; double jeopardy; self-incrimination; bail; habeas corpus

Section 9

Remedy for Wrongs

Section 9m
Last Amended 2020

Victims of Crimes

Section 10

Treason

Section 11

Searches and seizures

Section 12

Attainder; ex post facto; contracts

Section 13

Private property for public use

Section 14

Feudal tenures; leases; alienation

Section 15

Equal property rights for aliens and citizens

Section 16

Imprisonment for debt

Section 17

Exemption of property of debtors.

Section 18
Last Amended 1982

Freedom of Religion; Non-Establishment

Section 19

Religious tests prohibited

Section 20

Military subordinate to civil power

Section 21
Last Amended 1978

Rights of Suitors

Section 22

Maintenance of free government

Section 23
Last Amended 1967

Transportation of school children

Section 24
Last Amended 1972

Private Use of School Buildings

Section 25
Last Amended 1998

Right to Keep and Bear Arms

Section 26
Last Amended 2003

Right to Fish, Hunt, & Trap.

Section 1

State boundary

Section 2
Last Amended 1951

Enabling Act Accepted

Section 1
Last Amended 1986

Suffrage; Voter Qualifications

Section 2
Last Amended 1986

Suffrage Laws Implementation; Exclusion from Suffrage

Section 3
Last Amended 1986

Secret Ballot

Section 4
Repealed 1986

Residence Saved

Section 5
Repealed 1986

Military stationing does not confer residence

Section 6
Repealed 1986

Exclusion from suffrage

Section 7
Last Amended 2024

Private donations and grants; designated election officials

Section 1

Legislative power

Section 2

Legislature, how constituted.

Section 3
Last Amended 1982

Legislative Apportionment

Section 4
Last Amended 1982

Assembly Districts and Election

Section 5
Last Amended 1982

Senate Districts and Election

Section 6

Qualifications of legislators

Section 7

Organization of legislature; quorum; compulsory attendance

Section 8

Rules; contempts; expulsion

Section 9
Last Amended 2014

Presiding Officers of Assembly and Senate

Section 10

Journals; open doors; adjournments

Section 11
Last Amended 1968

Meeting of Legislature

Section 12

Ineligibility of legislators to office

Section 13
Last Amended 1966

Ineligibility of Federal Officers

Section 14

Filling vacancies

Section 15

Exemption from arrest and civil process

Section 16

Privilege in debate

Section 17
Last Amended 1978

Enactment of laws

Section 18

Title of private bills

Section 19

Origin of bills

Section 20

Yeas and nays

Section 21
Repealed 1929

Legislators Compensation

Section 22

Powers of county boards

Section 23
Last Amended 1972

Town and County Government

Section 23a
Last Amended 1969

County executive Veto Power

Section 24
Last Amended 1999

Gambling

Section 25

Stationery and printing

Section 26
Last Amended 1992

Public Officer Extra Compensation; Salary Change

Section 27

Suits against state

Section 28

Oath of office

Section 29

Militia

Section 30
Last Amended 1982

Elections by Legislature

Section 31
Last Amended 1993

Special and private laws prohibited

Section 32
Last Amended 1993

General laws on enumerated subjects

Section 33
Last Amended 1946

Auditing State Accounts

Section 34
Last Amended 1961

Continuity of Government

Section 1
Last Amended 1979

Governor; lieutenant governor; term

Section 1m
Repealed 1979

Governor; 4-year term

Section 1n
Repealed 1979

Lieutenant governor; 4-year term

Section 2

Eligibility.

Section 3
Last Amended 1967

Election of Governor and Lieutenant Governor

Section 4

Powers and duties.

Section 5
Repealed 1932

Governor Compensation

Section 6

Pardoning power.

Section 7
Last Amended 1979

Governor Succession During Term: Lieutenant Governor

Section 8
Last Amended 1979

Governor Succession During Term: Secretary of State

Section 9
Repealed 1932

Lieutenant Governor Compensation

Section 10
Last Amended 2008

Governor to Approve or Veto Bills; Proceedings on Veto

Section 1
Last Amended 1979

Election of Secretary of State, Treasurer and Attorney General; Term

Section 1m
Repealed 1979

Secretary of State Term

Section 1n
Repealed 1979

Treasurer Term

Section 1p
Repealed 1979

Attorney General Term

Section 2
Last Amended 1946

Secretary of state; duties, compensation

Section 3

Treasurer and attorney general; duties, compensation.

Section 4
Last Amended 2005

County officers; election, terms, removal; vacancies

Section 1
Last Amended 1932

Impeachments

Section 2
Last Amended 1978

Court System

Section 3
Last Amended 1978

Supreme Court: Jurisdiction

Section 4
Last Amended 2015

Supreme court: election, chief justice, court system administration

Section 5
Last Amended 1978

Circuit Courts

Section 6
Last Amended 1978

Circuit Court: Boundaries

Section 7
Last Amended 1978

Circuit Court: Election

Section 8
Last Amended 1978

Circuit Court: Jurisdiction

Section 9
Last Amended 1978

Judicial Elections, Vacancies

Section 10
Last Amended 1978

Judges: eligibility to office

Section 11
Last Amended 1978

Disciplinary Proceedings

Section 12
Last Amended 2005

Clerks of Circuit and Supreme Courts

Section 13
Last Amended 1978

Judicial Removal

Section 14
Last Amended 1978

Municipal Court

Section 15
Repealed 1966

Justice of the Peace

Section 16
Repealed 1978

Tribunals of Conciliation

Section 17
Repealed 1978

Style of Writs; Indictments

Section 18
Repealed 1978

Suit Tax

Section 19
Repealed 1978

Testimony in Equity Suits; Master in Chancery

Section 20
Repealed 1978

Rights of Suitors

Section 21
Repealed 1978

Publications of Laws and Decisions

Section 22
Repealed 1978

Commissioners to Revise Code of Practice

Section 23
Repealed 1978

Court Commissioners

Section 24
Last Amended 1978

Judicial Qualifications and Retirement

Section 1
Last Amended 1974

Income and Property Taxation

Section 2
Last Amended 1877

Appropriations for Claims Against the State

Section 3
Last Amended 1975

Public Debt.

Section 4

Contracting state debts.

Section 5

Annual tax levy to equal expenses.

Section 6

Public debt for extraordinary expense; taxation.

Section 7
Last Amended 1992

Public debt for public defense; bonding for public purposes

Section 8

Vote on fiscal bills; quorum.

Section 9

Evidences of public debt.

Section 10
Last Amended 1992

Internal Improvements

Section 11
Last Amended 2014

Transportation Fund

Section 1

Jurisdiction on rivers and lakes; navigable waters

Section 2

Territorial property

Section 3

Ultimate property in lands; escheats

Section 1
Last Amended 1982

Superintendent of public instruction

Section 2
Last Amended 1982

School fund created; income applied

Section 3
Last Amended 1972

District schools; tuition; sectarian instruction; released time

Section 4

Annual school tax

Section 5

Income of school fund

Section 6

State university; support

Section 7

Commissioners of public lands

Section 8

Sale of public lands

Section 1
Last Amended 1981

Corporations; how formed

Section 2
Last Amended 1961

Property taken by municipality

Section 3
Last Amended 1981

Municipal home rule; debt limit; tax to pay debt

Section 3a
Last Amended 1956

Acquisition of lands by state and subdivisions; sale of excess

Section 4
Last Amended 1981

General banking law

Section 5
Repealed 1902

Referendum on banking laws

Section 1

Constitutional amendments

Section 2

Constitutional conventions

Section 1
Last Amended 1986

Political year; elections

Section 2
Repealed 1975

Dueling

Section 3
Last Amended 1996

Eligibility to office

Section 4

Great Seal

Section 5
Repealed 1986

Residents on Indian lands, where to vote

Section 6

Legislative officers

Section 7

Division of counties

Section 8

Removal of county seats

Section 9

Election or appointment of statutory officers

Section 10
Last Amended 1979

Vacancies in office

Section 11
Last Amended 1936

Passes, franks and privileges

Section 12
Last Amended 1981

Recall of elective officers

Section 13
Last Amended 2006

Marriage

Section 1

Effect of change from territory to state

Section 2

Territorial laws continued

Section 3
Repealed 1982

Territorial fines accrue to state

Section 4
Repealed 1982

Territorial fines accrue to state

Section 5
Repealed 1982

Existing officers hold over

Section 6
Repealed 1982

Seat of government

Section 7
Repealed 1982

Local officers hold over

Section 8
Repealed 1982

Copy of constitution for president

Section 9
Repealed 1982

Ratification of constitution; election of officers

Section 10
Repealed 1982

Congressional apportionment

Section 11
Repealed 1982

First elections

Section 12
Repealed 1982

Legislative apportionment

Section 13

Common law continued in force

Section 14
Repealed 1982

Officers, when to enter on duties

Section 15
Repealed 1982

Oath of office

Section 16
Last Amended 1982

Implementing revised structure of judicial branch